English

Daim ntawv
Ntim Khoom
Chaw Tsim Khoom
Nyob rau hauv Suav teb

Tuobo ntim khoom cog lus tias yuav muab txhua yam ntim pov tseg rau cov khw kas fes, khw pizza, txhua lub tsev noj mov thiab lub tsev ci, thiab lwm yam, suav nrog cov khob ntawv kas fes, khob dej haus, lub thawv hamburger, lub thawv pizza, hnab ntawv, cov ntawv straws thiab lwm yam khoom.

Txhua yam khoom ntim khoom yog ua raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv qib zaub mov raug xaiv, uas yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov saj ntawm cov khoom noj. Nws yog dej tsis kam thiab roj-pov thawj, thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab tso rau hauv.

  • SEHR VIEL<br> MEHR

Cov Khoom Siv Feem Ntau Siv Rau Khob Ntawv Yog Dab Tsi? Puas Yog Lawv Qib Khoom Noj?

I. Kev Taw Qhia

A. Keeb Kwm

Kas fes tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej niaj hnub no. Thiab cov khob ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kas fes. Cov khob ntawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev yooj yim, kev tu cev huv, thiab kev ruaj khov. Nws yog siv dav hauv cov khw kas fes, cafes, thiab lwm yam chaw haus dej.

B. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khob ntawv hauv kev lag luam kas fes

Hauv kev lag luam kas fes,khob ntawvUa lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, qhov yooj yim ntawm cov khob ntawv tso cai rau cov neeg siv khoom yuav kas fes txhua lub sijhawm, txhua qhov chaw thiab txaus siab rau qhov saj qab. Piv txwv li, thaum sawv ntxov uas tibneeg coob coob, ntau tus neeg xaiv yuav ib khob kas fes ntawm txoj kev. Kev siv cov khob ntawv ua rau nws yooj yim rau lawv nqa thiab haus kas fes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khob ntawv kuj muab cov thawv huv thiab huv. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom zoo thiab huv si ntawm kas fes. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum haus kas fes hauv cov chaw pej xeem, cov neeg siv khoom vam tias yuav txaus siab rau nws nrog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, qhov kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khob ntawv kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kas fes. Tib neeg txoj kev saib xyuas rau cov teeb meem ib puag ncig nce ntxiv txhua hnub. Kev ruaj khov yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv khoom xaiv khob kas fes. Piv rau cov khob yas ib txwm muaj lossis lwm cov khob pov tseg, cov khob ntawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab lossis lwj. Qhov no txo ​​qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig. Cov khw kas fes, cov khw haus dej, thiab cov khw kas fes kuj tseem txhawb nqa kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov. Lawv tuaj yeem siv cov khob ntawv lwj ua lawv cov thawv haus dej nyiam.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khob ntawv hauv kev lag luam kas fes tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Nws qhov yooj yim, kev huv, thiab kev ruaj khov ua rau cov khob ntawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom niaj hnub no. Yuav kom nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khob ntawv, peb yuav tsum ua kev tshawb fawb tob txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau siv hauv cov khob ntawv. Thiab peb yuav tsum paub seb lawv puas ua tau raws li cov qauv qib zaub mov. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khob ntawv uas peb xaiv thiab siv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha.

II. Cov Khoom Siv Rau Cov Khob Ntawv

A. Kev Txheeb Xyuas Txog Cov Khoom Siv Tseem Ceeb ntawm Cov Khob Ntawv

Feem ntau, kev tsim cov khob ntawv siv cov ntawv pulp thiab cov ntaub ntawv txheej. Cov ntawv pulp yog ua los ntawm cellulose thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv. Cov khoom ntxiv no tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khob ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv txheej feem ntau yog siv los txheej sab hauv ntawm cov khob ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsis kam dej thiab tiv taus cua sov ntawm cov khob ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv txheej feem ntau suav nrog polyethylene (PE) thiab polylactic acid (PLA).

B. Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khob ntawv

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawmkhob ntawvsuav nrog cov pulp, cov ntaub ntawv txheej, thiab lwm yam khoom siv pabcuam. Cov ntawv cardboard feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim khob ntawv muaj lub zog siab thiab kev ruaj khov. PE coated ntawv muaj cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj dej, tiv taus kub, thiab tiv taus roj. PLA biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem kev ruaj khov thiab txo qhov hnyav ntawm ib puag ncig. Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv khob ntawv yuav tsum yog raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev cai ruaj khov kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig ntawm lub khob ntawv.

1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntawv cardboard thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim khob ntawv

Daim ntawv cardboard yog ib daim ntawv tuab. Feem ntau nws yog ua los ntawm kev muab ntau txheej ntawm cov pulp sib dhos ua ke. Nws muaj lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov siab, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qee qhov siab thiab qhov hnyav. Daim ntawv cardboard feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khob ntawv los ua cov khoom xws li lub qhov ncauj thiab hauv qab ntawm lub khob. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab kev ruaj khov thiab kev txhawb nqa zoo. Kev ua cov ntawv cardboard tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li nias, luam ntawv, thiab txiav tuag.

2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm PE coated ntawv thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim khob ntawv

Daim ntawv PE coated yog ib yam khoom siv uas txheej polyethylene (PE) rau sab hauv ntawm lub khob ntawv. PE muaj kev tiv thaiv dej thiab kub zoo. Qhov no tso cai rau lub khob ntawv kom tiv taus qhov kub ntawm cov dej haus kub. Thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kua kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub khob ntawv. Nws kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv roj zoo. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov dej haus uas muaj roj los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub khob ntawv. Daim ntawv PE coated yog siv dav hauv kev tsim khob ntawv. Thiab nws ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov qauv qib zaub mov.

3. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm PLA biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim khob ntawv

PLA yog cov khoom siv uas lwj tau. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis lwm yam khoom siv tshiab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws muaj kev lwj zoo. Nws tuaj yeem lwj los ntawm cov kab mob me me hauv qab cov xwm txheej tsim nyog thiab hloov mus ua cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej. Kev siv cov khoom siv PLA hauv kev tsim khob ntawv pheej nce ntxiv tas li. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov thiab txo nws qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig. Vim yog qhov lwj ntawm PLA khob ntawv, lawv siv tuaj yeem txo qhov ntau ntawm cov khob yas siv. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhawb kev siv cov peev txheej rov ua dua tshiab.

Peb muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv siab heev los xyuas kom meej tias txhua lub khob ntawv uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb yog ua los ntawm kev ua tes ua taw zoo nkauj thiab muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab dav. Cov qauv tsim khoom nruj thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo ua rau peb cov khoom siv zog ua kom zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov ntsiab lus, ua rau koj lub npe lag luam zoo dua thiab siab dua.

Tham txog koj cov kev xav tau kev cai!
Sau koj cov lus ntawm no thiab xa tuaj rau peb

III. Daim ntawv pov thawj khoom noj khoom haus rau cov khob ntawv

A. Kev txhais thiab cov qauv rau cov khoom siv qib zaub mov

Cov khoom siv qib zaub mov yog cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem ua kom lawv tsis tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum kov cov zaub mov thiab dej haus. Cov khoom siv qib zaub mov yuav tsum ua raws li qee cov qauv thiab kev cai. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg.

Cov qauv rau cov khoom siv qib zaub mov feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

1. Cov tshuaj uas tsis yaj. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj uas yaj tau lossis cov tshuaj uas yaj tau ntau zaus thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom noj.

2. Qhov acidity thiab alkalinity. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau tswj kom nyob rau hauv qee qhov acidity thiab alkalinity kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau qhov acidity thiab alkalinity ntawm cov khoom noj.

3. Cov hlau hnyav. Cov hlau hnyav hauv cov khoom siv yuav tsum qis dua qhov ntau uas tso cai ntawm Lub Koom Haum Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Thoob Ntiaj Teb (WHO) thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb zaub mov hauv tebchaws.

4. Cov tshuaj ua kom yas. Yog tias siv cov tshuaj ua kom yas, lawv cov tshuaj noj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj teeb meem rau cov khoom noj.

B. Cov kev cai rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv hauv daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov

Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawmkhob ntawvxav tau ntau qhov kev sim thiab kev tshuaj xyuas hauv daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom nws muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv thaum sib cuag nrog zaub mov. Cov txheej txheem ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov tuaj yeem ua kom cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov khob ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv thiab cov kev cai rau kev sib cuag zaub mov.

1. Cov txheej txheem pov thawj qib zaub mov rau cov ntawv cardboard

Ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov khob ntawv, cov ntawv cardboard xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov kom ntseeg tau tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov txheej txheem pov thawj qib zaub mov rau cov ntawv cardboard feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

a. Kev kuaj cov khoom siv raw: Kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom siv raw ntawm daim ntawv cardboard. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom. Xws li cov hlau hnyav, cov tshuaj lom, thiab lwm yam.

b. Kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev: Ua kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab ntawm daim ntawv cardboard. Xws li lub zog tensile, kev tiv thaiv dej, thiab lwm yam. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias daim ntawv cardboard ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum siv.

c. Kev sim txav mus los: Muab daim ntawv yas tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov khoom noj uas zoo li ntawd. Saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov khoom noj uas txav mus los rau hauv cov khoom noj hauv ib lub sijhawm twg los ntsuas seb cov khoom ntawd puas muaj kev nyab xeeb.

d. Kev sim roj: Ua qhov kev sim txheej ntawm daim ntawv. Qhov no ua kom lub khob ntawv tiv taus roj zoo.

e. Kev kuaj kab mob me me: Ua kev kuaj kab mob me me rau ntawm daim ntawv yas. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kab mob me me xws li cov kab mob me me thiab pwm.

2. Cov txheej txheem pov thawj qib zaub mov rau cov ntawv PE coated

Daim ntawv PE coated, ua cov khoom siv coated rau cov khob ntawv, kuj xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov. Nws cov txheej txheem daim ntawv pov thawj suav nrog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv qab no:

a. Kev kuaj cov khoom sib xyaw: Ua kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv PE txheej. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom.

b. Kev sim txav mus los: Muab daim ntawv PE coated rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom noj cuav rau ib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog los saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov tshuaj twg tau txav mus rau hauv cov khoom noj.

c. Kev ntsuas kev ruaj khov ntawm thermal: Ua qauv qhia txog kev ruaj khov thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv PE txheej hauv qab qhov kub thiab txias.

d. Kev sim kov zaub mov: Sib cuag daim ntawv PE coated nrog ntau hom zaub mov. Qhov no yog los ntsuam xyuas nws qhov kev tsim nyog thiab kev nyab xeeb rau ntau yam zaub mov.

3. Cov txheej txheem pov thawj qib zaub mov rau cov khoom siv PLA biodegradable

Cov ntaub ntawv PLA biodegradable yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sawv cev rau ib puag ncig. Nws kuj xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov. Cov txheej txheem daim ntawv pov thawj suav nrog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv qab no:

a. Kev sim cov khoom sib xyaw: Ua kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv PLA. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv raw siv ua tau raws li cov qauv zaub mov thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom.

b. Kev sim ua haujlwm puas tsuaj: Sim ua qhov chaw ib puag ncig, sim qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm PLA nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj.

c. Kev sim txav mus los: Muab cov khoom PLA tso rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom noj uas tau sim ua rau ib lub sijhawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov tshuaj twg tau tsiv mus rau hauv cov khoom noj.

d. Kev kuaj kab mob me me: Ua kev kuaj kab mob me me rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv PLA. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis muaj kev kis kab mob me me xws li cov kab mob me me thiab pwm.

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IV. Cov txheej txheem ua cov khob ntawv qib zaub mov

1. Kev npaj khoom thiab txiav

Ua ntej, npaj cov khoom siv qib zaub mov xws li cov ntawv cardboard thiab cov ntawv PE coated rau kev ua khob ntawv. Cov ntawv cardboard yuav tsum tau txiav kom loj me. Feem ntau, ib lub yob loj ntawm cov ntawv cardboard raug txiav ua cov duab thiab qhov loj me tsim nyog los ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav.

2. Kev tsim khoom thiab khoov

Cov ntawv txiav los yog ntawv coated yuav raug tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv lamination molding. Qhov no tuaj yeem khoov cov ntawv cardboard los yog ntawv coated rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub khob. Cov kauj ruam no yog cov kauj ruam cog lus ntawm kev molding khob ntawv.

3. Kev kho mob ntawm qab thiab lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub khob

Tom qab ua lub cev khob tiav lawm, lub hauv qab khob yuav raug tais los ntawm cov khoom siv ua hauv qab khob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nws ruaj khov dua. Tib lub sijhawm, lub qhov ncauj khob kuj tseem yuav raug qhwv los ntawm cov khoom siv ua hauv qhov ncauj khob. Qhov no yuav ua rau lub qhov ncauj khob du thiab xis nyob dua.

4. Txheej thiab daim ntawv thov

Rau cov khob ntawv uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv roj, yuav muaj kev txheej thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Feem ntau, cov ntawv PE coated qib zaub mov siv rau kev txheej. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub khob ntawv tiv thaiv roj kom tiv thaiv cov zaub mov nkag mus.

5. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas thiab Ntim Khoom

Thaum kawg, lub khob ntawv uas tsim tawm yuav raug kuaj xyuas zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas. Qhov no yog siv los xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo pom tseeb hauv lub khob ntawv. Cov khob ntawv tsim nyog yuav raug ntim thiab ntim, npaj rau kev xa khoom thiab muag.

Cov kauj ruam no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev uakhob ntawv qib zaub movTxhua kauj ruam yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas kom zoo. Thiab lawv kuj yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb zaub mov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv ua cov khob ntawv qib zaub mov uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom cov zaub mov thiab dej haus zoo thiab huv.

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Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, peb muaj cov kev xaiv hloov kho tau yooj yim heev. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov loj me, peev xwm, xim, thiab kev luam ntawv ntawm lub khob ntawv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm koj lub hom. Peb cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv siab heev ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab qhov tsos ntawm txhua lub khob ntawv uas tau hloov kho, yog li ua rau koj lub npe nrov zoo meej rau cov neeg siv khoom.

Tham txog koj cov kev xav tau kev cai!
Sau koj cov lus ntawm no thiab xa tuaj rau peb

V. Xaus Lus

Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau cov khob ntawv qib zaub mov muaj xws li cov ntawv cardboard thiab cov ntawv coated PE. Cov ntawv cardboard siv rau lub cev khob ntawm cov khob ntawv, thaum cov ntawv coated PE siv los ua kom cov khob ntawv tsis txhob muaj roj. Cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom lub khob ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab huv.

Daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov yog ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia tseem ceeb thaumua thiab muag khob ntawvLos ntawm kev tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov, nws tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tias cov khoom siv khob ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev huv huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov. Thiab qhov no pab kom nkag siab tias cov khob ntawv puas muaj kev tswj hwm zoo thiab kev tswj hwm kev tsim khoom. Daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov neeg siv khoom ntseeg siab rau cov khob ntawv xwb. Thiab nws kuj pab ua raws li cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev cai, tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv pov thawj qib zaub mov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab tsim khob ntawv.

Pom zoo nyeem ntawv

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Tham txog koj cov kev xav tau!
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Nias nkag mus nrhiav lossis nias ESC kom kaw