III. Zipangizo ndi njira zopangira zokutira mkati
Chophimba chophimba cha chikho ndi choteteza chomwe chimateteza mkati mwa makapu a ayisikilimu. Mitundu ya zipangizo zophimba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi.
A. Mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mapepala okhala ndi zikho, monga polyester, polyethylene, ndi zina zotero.
1. Polyethylene
Polyethylene imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mapepala okhala ndi zikopa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zabwino zoteteza madzi komanso mafuta, komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kupanga makapu akuluakulu a ayisikilimu.
2. Polyester
Zophimba za polyester zimatha kupereka chitetezo chapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, zimatha kuletsa fungo, mafuta kulowa, komanso mpweya kulowa. Chifukwa chake, polyester nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makapu apamwamba kwambiri a mapepala.
3. PLA (polylactic acid)
PLA ili ndi mphamvu yoipa yosalowa madzi, koma imagwirizana ndi kuteteza chilengedwe ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'misika ina yapamwamba.
B. Yambitsani njira zopangira, monga njira zapadera zokutira ndi kuwotcherera
Njira yopangira chophimba cha zikho za pepala ndi iyi:
1. Ukadaulo wapadera wokutira
Pakupanga makapu a mapepala, chophimba chamkati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti zikho zisamalowe madzi komanso zisaume mafuta. Njira yowonetsetsa kuti chophimbacho chikugawidwa mofanana mu chikho chonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono wothira jakisoni. Choyamba, dothi lopangidwa limagwidwa ndikukonzedwa, kenako nkulowetsedwa mkati mwa chikho cha pepala.
2. Kuwotcherera
Nthawi zina, zokutira zapadera zaukadaulo sizofunikira. Pankhaniyi, mkati mwa chikho cha pepala mungagwiritse ntchito ukadaulo wotsekera kutentha (kapena kuwotcherera). Iyi ndi njira yokanikiza zigawo zingapo za zinthu zosiyanasiyana pamodzi, kusunga mkati ndi thupi la chikho pamodzi molimba. Mwa kupereka gawo lodalirika loteteza, njirayi imatsimikizira kuti chikho cha pepalacho ndi cholimba mpaka pamlingo winawake ndipo sichidzataya madzi.
Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi chiyambi cha mitundu ya zipangizo ndi njira zopangira zokutira mkati mwa makapu a pepala. Zipangizo mongapolyethylene ndi polyester ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makapu a pepala osiyanasiyanaNdipo ukadaulo wapadera wopaka utoto ndi njira zopangira zowotcherera zimatha kutsimikizira ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a mkati mwa chikho cha pepala.