III. Kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khob ntawv
A. Cov txheej txheem txheej sab hauv ntawm cov khob ntawv
1. Kev txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv dej thiab rwb thaiv tsev
Cov txheej txheem txheej sab hauv yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khob ntawv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dej thiab cua sov ntawm cov khob.
Hauv kev tsim cov khob ntawv ib txwm muaj, feem ntau yuav muaj ib txheej polyethylene (PE) txheej rau sab hauv khob ntawv. Cov txheej no muaj kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dej zoo. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov dej haus kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub khob ntawv. Thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv taukhob ntawvlos ntawm kev deforming thiab tawg. Tib lub sijhawm, PE txheej kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab qee yam kev rwb thaiv tsev. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neeg siv kom tsis txhob hnov qhov kub ntau dhau thaum tuav khob.
Ntxiv rau PE txheej, kuj tseem muaj lwm cov ntaub ntawv txheej tshiab uas siv dav hauv cov khob ntawv. Piv txwv li, polyvinyl cawv (PVA) txheej. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv dej thiab tiv thaiv kev xau. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem ua kom sab hauv ntawm lub khob ntawv qhuav zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyester amide (PA) txheej muaj kev pom tseeb siab thiab kev ua haujlwm kaw cua sov. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo li thiab kev ua haujlwm kaw cua sov ntawm cov khob ntawv.
2. Kev lav phib xaub ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov
Ua ib lub thawv siv los tuav cov khoom noj thiab dej haus, cov khoom siv txheej sab hauv ntawm cov khob ntawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb zaub mov. Qhov no ua kom tib neeg siv tau nws yam tsis muaj kev phom sij.
Cov khoom siv txheej sab hauv yuav tsum tau dhau daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb zaub mov. Xws li daim ntawv pov thawj FDA (Food and Drug Administration), daim ntawv pov thawj khoom siv rau zaub mov EU, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntawv pov thawj no ua kom cov khoom siv txheej sab hauv lub khob ntawv tsis ua rau muaj kuab paug rau zaub mov thiab dej haus. Thiab nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lawv tsis tso cov tshuaj lom tawm, kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg siv noj qab haus huv thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
B. Kev tsim qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khob ntawv
1. Tsim qauv txhawb nqa hauv qab
Qhov kev tsim kho hauv qab ntawm lubkhob ntawvyog los txhim kho lub zog ntawm lub khob ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub khob ntawv kom tsis txhob vau thaum lub sijhawm sau thiab siv. Muaj ob txoj kev tsim kho hauv qab uas siv tau: lub hauv qab uas tais thiab lub hauv qab uas siv tau.
Qhov tais hauv qab yog ib qho kev tsim uas ua los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem tais tshwj xeeb hauv qab ntawm lub khob ntawv. Ntau txheej ntawv raug kaw ua ke los ua ib qho qauv hauv qab ruaj khov. Qhov no tso cai rau lub khob ntawv kom tiv taus qee qhov hnyav thiab siab.
Lub hauv qab uas muaj zog yog ib qho kev tsim uas siv cov qauv tshwj xeeb lossis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb rau hauv qab ntawm lub khob ntawv los ua kom lub zog ntawm cov qauv muaj zog dua. Piv txwv li, ua kom tuab ntawm hauv qab ntawm lub khob ntawv lossis siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawv uas ruaj khov dua. Cov no tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog hauv qab ntawm lub khob ntawv zoo dua thiab txhim kho nws txoj kev tiv taus siab.
2. Siv cov nyhuv ntawm lub thawv
Feem ntau cov khob ntawv yuav muab tso rau hauv cov thawv thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab khaws cia. Qhov no tuaj yeem txuag tau qhov chaw thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov kev tsim qauv tshwj xeeb tau siv rau cov khob ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua ntawm cov thawv.
Piv txwv li, qhov tsim ntawm lub khob ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau hauv qab ntawm lub khob npog sab saum toj ntawm lub khob ntawv tom ntej. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov khob ntawv kom haum ua ke thiab txuag qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim qauv tsim nyog ntawm qhov siab thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov khob ntawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khob ntawv sib sau ua ke. Qhov no tuaj yeem zam qhov xwm txheej tsis ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm sib sau ua ke.
Cov txheej txheem txheej sab hauv thiab kev tsim qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khob ntawv tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua tau zoo. Los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev txhim kho tas mus li, cov khob ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau raws li tib neeg xav tau cov khoom siv sib cuag nrog zaub mov zoo dua. Ntxiv mus, nws tuaj yeem muab kev nyab xeeb, yooj yim, thiab tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig rau tus neeg siv.